Kedulan temple is situated in the village of Tirtomartani, the sub district of Kalasan, Sleman district, Yogyakarta, about 2.5 km from Sambisari temple. This temple is under excavation and reconstruction process, since when discovered, the ruins were covered with soils derived from Mount Merapi’s eruption lavas.
The main building of the temple was accidentally discovered on 24 November 1993 by sand miners who were mining the sands in “tanah bengkok” sites of Tirtomartani. Tanah bengkok is a piece of land belongs to the village that is cultivated by anyone and delivers some rewards to the ruler of the village when the man is still in his power. The mining was then stopped, and gradual excavation was run by the BP3 archeologists. When the excavation was continued, the temple was in ruin condition; its rocks were spreading all over the area drifted by the Merapi’s lava floods and buried into the ground about six meters down. After digging for seven meters down the ground at the area about 4,000 meters square, the whole form of the temple was seen. The temple has the square ground plan of 13.7 meters and the height of 8.009 meters.
The archeologists predict that in the complex of Kedulan temple, there is a main temple facing east, standing in front of three Perwara temples standing in line from north to south. The complex is seemed to be surrounded by walls as the border lines, as there is walls of two meters in height standing from east to west. The estimation is based on the similarity of Kedulan and Sambisari temples completely renovated in 1985. Both Kedulan and Sambisari temples belong to Hindu Temples. The styles and the measures of both main temples are nearly the same. In the center of the main building there is a lingga and a yoni. The two is different in facing position; Sambisari temple is facing west, while Kedulan temple is facing east. Both have outer walls as well. There are, at Kedulan temple, the statues of Durga Mahesasurahmahardini in the northern part, Ganesha at the western part, Agastya and Mahakala at the southern part, and Nandiswara on the right and left sides of the entrance gate.
Recently, that has been completely excavated is perwara temple standing at the end of the southern part. This Perwara is four meters under the ground. The location of this Perwara temple is exactly under the jalan Kampung ( path in the village).
Meanwhile, the rests of Perwara are still under excavation process and some rocks of the temple are discovered during the process. The northern perwara has not been excavated yet at all.
When the excavation was performed, two inscriptions were found near by the statue of Agastya, with 75 cm in length, 45 cm in width for each and the 23 cm in depth. Both inscriptions are written in Pallawa alphabetical system and in sanskrit language.
Observing their weight, it seems that since the beginning the two inscriptions, Pananggaran and Sumundul, have been at the places they are found presently. Both were written in 791 Saka or 869 AD. Learning form the date of these inscriptions, it can be assumed that Kedulan temple was built under the king of Rakai Kayuwangi who reigned the kingdom of Mataram Hindu at the same period.
Both inscriptions described the assignments saying that the using of the dam at the village of Pananggaran provided for community and that no state’ tax was charged on the dam exploitation as it was used for the construction of the Kedulan temple.
The main building of the temple was accidentally discovered on 24 November 1993 by sand miners who were mining the sands in “tanah bengkok” sites of Tirtomartani. Tanah bengkok is a piece of land belongs to the village that is cultivated by anyone and delivers some rewards to the ruler of the village when the man is still in his power. The mining was then stopped, and gradual excavation was run by the BP3 archeologists. When the excavation was continued, the temple was in ruin condition; its rocks were spreading all over the area drifted by the Merapi’s lava floods and buried into the ground about six meters down. After digging for seven meters down the ground at the area about 4,000 meters square, the whole form of the temple was seen. The temple has the square ground plan of 13.7 meters and the height of 8.009 meters.
The archeologists predict that in the complex of Kedulan temple, there is a main temple facing east, standing in front of three Perwara temples standing in line from north to south. The complex is seemed to be surrounded by walls as the border lines, as there is walls of two meters in height standing from east to west. The estimation is based on the similarity of Kedulan and Sambisari temples completely renovated in 1985. Both Kedulan and Sambisari temples belong to Hindu Temples. The styles and the measures of both main temples are nearly the same. In the center of the main building there is a lingga and a yoni. The two is different in facing position; Sambisari temple is facing west, while Kedulan temple is facing east. Both have outer walls as well. There are, at Kedulan temple, the statues of Durga Mahesasurahmahardini in the northern part, Ganesha at the western part, Agastya and Mahakala at the southern part, and Nandiswara on the right and left sides of the entrance gate.
Recently, that has been completely excavated is perwara temple standing at the end of the southern part. This Perwara is four meters under the ground. The location of this Perwara temple is exactly under the jalan Kampung ( path in the village).
Meanwhile, the rests of Perwara are still under excavation process and some rocks of the temple are discovered during the process. The northern perwara has not been excavated yet at all.
When the excavation was performed, two inscriptions were found near by the statue of Agastya, with 75 cm in length, 45 cm in width for each and the 23 cm in depth. Both inscriptions are written in Pallawa alphabetical system and in sanskrit language.
Observing their weight, it seems that since the beginning the two inscriptions, Pananggaran and Sumundul, have been at the places they are found presently. Both were written in 791 Saka or 869 AD. Learning form the date of these inscriptions, it can be assumed that Kedulan temple was built under the king of Rakai Kayuwangi who reigned the kingdom of Mataram Hindu at the same period.
Both inscriptions described the assignments saying that the using of the dam at the village of Pananggaran provided for community and that no state’ tax was charged on the dam exploitation as it was used for the construction of the Kedulan temple.
Central Perwara 1
Central Perwara 2
North Perwara
Kedulan 1
Kedulan 2
Kedulan 3
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